The adverbios de afirmación (affirmative adverbs) are those adverbs that confirm a fact as true or express certainty about the action that the verb carries out. The adverbios de negación (negative adverbs) are those that confirm a statement is false or deny the action that the verb carries out.
2. También (also, too) - it is used to show agreement with something someone says or does.
3. Adverbs ending in -mente that are formed with adjectives that express affirmation: ciertamente (certainly), efectivamente (certainly), verdaderamente (truly), seguramente (very likely), obviamente (obviously).
2. Nunca/Jamás (never, ever) - they are both classified as adverbs of time and negative adverbs because they are used in negative sentence and imply time reference.
3. Tampoco (either/neither) - it is used to show disagreement or agreement on something that couldn't be said or done.
1. Quizá(s) (maybe, perhaps) - indicates the possibility of something.
2. Igual/Acaso (maybe, just in case) - they are used in situations where we want to imply something might happen.
3. Adverbs ending in -mente that are formed with adjectives that express uncertainty: probablemente (probably), posiblemente (possibly), seguramente (probably). These adverbs are almost always used with the subjunctive tense.
Adverbios de afirmación
1. Sí (yes, indeed) - indicates assent, affirmation, acceptance or agreement. It also emphasizes an affirmation and it is used to seek confirmation in questions.| Carolina me preguntó si todo estaba listo para la reunión y le dije que sí, que no se preocupara de nada. Carolina asked me if everything was ready for the meeting and I told her yes, that she didn't have to worry about anything. - La nueva novia de Paco es hermosa. - Ella sí es una belleza y no su exnovia. - Paco's new girlfriend is beautiful. - She is a beauty indeed and not her ex girlfriend. |
2. También (also, too) - it is used to show agreement with something someone says or does.
| Mariano también va a venir al cine esta noche. Mariano is also coming to the movies tonight. - A mí me gusta mucho el helado de chocolate. - A mí también. - I love chocolate ice cream. - I do too. |
3. Adverbs ending in -mente that are formed with adjectives that express affirmation: ciertamente (certainly), efectivamente (certainly), verdaderamente (truly), seguramente (very likely), obviamente (obviously).
| La habitación de hotel que nos dieron no era la misma que vimos en Internet. Obviamente nos quejamos y nos cambiaron a otra como la que habíamos reservado. The hotel room they put us in wasn't the same one we saw online. We obviously complained and they changed us to another like the one we had booked. Creo que me he dejado mi móvil en tu coche... Efectivamente, aquí está. I think I left my cell phone in your car... It certainly is here. |
Adverbios de negación
1. No - indicates negation, disagreement or denial.| No van a salir este fin de semana porque están castigados por sacar malas notas en la escuela. You are not going out this weekend because you're grounded for getting bad grades in school. - ¿Has visto la nueva película de Almodóvar? - No, pero tengo muchas ganas de verla. - Have you seen the new Almodóvar movie? - No, but I am dying to see it. |
2. Nunca/Jamás (never, ever) - they are both classified as adverbs of time and negative adverbs because they are used in negative sentence and imply time reference.
| Nunca llegaremos a tiempo al aeropuerto y vamos a perder el vuelo. We'll never make it to the airport on time and we'll miss the flight. Jamás digas mentiras o te crecerá la nariz como a Pinocho. Don't you ever tell lies or your nose will grow like Pinocchio's. |
3. Tampoco (either/neither) - it is used to show disagreement or agreement on something that couldn't be said or done.
| - A nosotros no nos gusta la sandía. - A nosotros tampoco nos gusta. - We don't like watermelon. - We don't like watermelon either. Nosotros tampoco pudimos asistir a la boda de Sergio y Marisa pero entendieron el motivo por el que no pudimos ir. We couldn't attend Sergio and Marisa's wedding either but they understood why we couldn't make it. |
Adverbios de duda
The adverbios de duda (dubious adverbs) are those that are used in the sentence to qualify uncertain actions performed by the subject. These adverbs express insecurity, fear, or hope related to the action.1. Quizá(s) (maybe, perhaps) - indicates the possibility of something.
| Ya estoy cansado de este apartamento. Quizás debería mudarme. I'm already tired of this apartment. Perhaps I should move. Creo que el asesino es el mayordomo. O quizá sea la criada, no estoy seguro aún. I think the killer might be the butler. Or maybe the maid, I'm not sure yet. |
2. Igual/Acaso (maybe, just in case) - they are used in situations where we want to imply something might happen.
| Dime a qué hora comienza el partido por si acaso puedo ir. Tell me what time the match starts just in case I can make it. Dime a qué hora empieza tu fiesta igual puedo pasarme un rato. Tell me what time your party starts maybe I can stop by. |
3. Adverbs ending in -mente that are formed with adjectives that express uncertainty: probablemente (probably), posiblemente (possibly), seguramente (probably). These adverbs are almost always used with the subjunctive tense.
| Si mañana está soleado, probablemente vayamos a la piscina. If tomorrow is sunny, we'll probably go to the pool. Mi madre no ha vuelto a casa aún. Seguramente aún esté en casa de mi tía, voy a llamarla. My mother is not back home yet. Probably she's still at my aunt's house, I'm going to call her. |