Last week, we reviewed the general idea for the use of por. A quick reminder: por expresses the cause or the reason why we do something (the cause precedes the action). However, we're going to see now that sometimes this rule doesn't apply, though the rule will still help you in cases where one hesitates between por and para.
Let's now get into detail and see the specific uses of this preposition. There are a total of ten different uses of por. This week we are going to see five of them. Next week, we'll see the other five.
1.- By means of - use the preposition por with means of transport or communication.
Hablar por teléfono
Enviar por e-mail
Ver por la televisión
Escuchar por la radio
Viajar por tren, por avión o por barco (in this case, the preposition "en" is also correct and more common in several Spanish speaking countries)
2.- In order to get (something) - use the preposition por when meaning "pick up" something.
Voy por café a la tienda = Voy a comprar café a la tienda.
Vas por los niños al parque = Vas a recoger a los niños al parque.
3.- Period of the day - use the preposition por with the periods of the day.
Iremos al mercadito por la mañana.
We'll go to the flea market in the morning.
Mis clases de tenis son por la tarde.
My tennis class is in the afternoon.
Siempre estoy muy cansado por la noche.
I'm always very tired at night.
4.- In exchange for - use the preposition por whenever there is an exchange of one thing for another.
Te doy cinco mil dólares por tu coche viejo.
I give you five thousand dollars for your old car.
Te cambio mi colección de sellos por tu colección de monedas.
I change my stamps collection for your coin collection.
Hoy en el supermercado, regalaban tres productos por la compra de dos.
Today at the supermarket, they were giving away three products for the purchase of two.
5.- Expressing movement (along, through, by, or around) - use the preposition por whenever you want to express movement.
Anduvimos por una carretera desierta.
We walked through a deserted highway.
Voy a cruzar por el parque.
I'm going to cross through the park.
El profesor siempre se pasea por la clase.
The teacher always walks around the class.
Caminamos por la playa.
We walk along the beach.
Let's now get into detail and see the specific uses of this preposition. There are a total of ten different uses of por. This week we are going to see five of them. Next week, we'll see the other five.
Uses of Por
1.- By means of - use the preposition por with means of transport or communication.
Hablar por teléfono
Enviar por e-mail
Ver por la televisión
Escuchar por la radio
Viajar por tren, por avión o por barco (in this case, the preposition "en" is also correct and more common in several Spanish speaking countries)
2.- In order to get (something) - use the preposition por when meaning "pick up" something.
Voy por café a la tienda = Voy a comprar café a la tienda.
Vas por los niños al parque = Vas a recoger a los niños al parque.
3.- Period of the day - use the preposition por with the periods of the day.
Iremos al mercadito por la mañana.
We'll go to the flea market in the morning.
Mis clases de tenis son por la tarde.
My tennis class is in the afternoon.
Siempre estoy muy cansado por la noche.
I'm always very tired at night.
4.- In exchange for - use the preposition por whenever there is an exchange of one thing for another.
Te doy cinco mil dólares por tu coche viejo.
I give you five thousand dollars for your old car.
Te cambio mi colección de sellos por tu colección de monedas.
I change my stamps collection for your coin collection.
Hoy en el supermercado, regalaban tres productos por la compra de dos.
Today at the supermarket, they were giving away three products for the purchase of two.
5.- Expressing movement (along, through, by, or around) - use the preposition por whenever you want to express movement.
Anduvimos por una carretera desierta.
We walked through a deserted highway.
Voy a cruzar por el parque.
I'm going to cross through the park.
El profesor siempre se pasea por la clase.
The teacher always walks around the class.
Caminamos por la playa.
We walk along the beach.